• Published 02:02 11.11.09
  • Latest update 08:35 11.11.09

MI figures out what went wrong in Lavon affair - 55 years later

Israel's plan was to bomb Western targets, make it seem as though Egypt was behind the attacks.

By Amos Harel Tags: Israel news

Fifty-five years after the notorious failure of an Israeli sabotage operation in Egypt, Military Intelligence has finally gotten around to figuring out what went wrong. The answer? Pretty much everything.

An educational presentation about the 1954 Lavon affair prepared by the MI history and heritage division found that MI had not sufficiently trained the members of the sabotage unit, who were mostly amateurs and included several Egyptian Jews, and had failed to give them cover stories, plan escape routes or otherwise plan for the possibility that they would be caught.

"First and foremost, this is the story of the failure of Military Intelligence, starting with the choice of targets for the network's sabotage operations, the operational planning and the superficial and sloppy training, and ending with the method of execution, which totally failed to carry out the pointless mission, which had no chance of reaching the strategic goal its operators had set: the cancellation of the planned British evacuation of the Suez Canal," stated the MI analysis.

The Lavon affair - also known locally as esek habish, "the rotten business" - was a plan to discredit Egypt's government, then headed by Gamal Abdel Nasser, by bombing theaters, post offices and U.S. and British institutions, and making it seem as though Egypt was behind the bombings. The thinking in Israel at the time was that if the British were to give up control of the Suez Canal, it would be left in Egypt's hands, putting Cairo in a better position to exert pressure on Israel.

The agents were told "to undermine the West's trust in the [Egyptian] government by causing public insecurity" while concealing Israel's role in the sabotage.

However, the agents were caught. One committed suicide in prison, two were hanged and four got long prison terms.

Only in 1968 were the prisoners exchanged for Egyptian POWs - a time lag the MI analysis attributes to internal bickering and a preoccupation with assigning blame.

"The intelligence community heads' evasion of responsibility for the operation, like the internal preoccupation with the question of who among the leaders of the political establishment gave the order, led to the fact that over many years, no effort was made to get the 'rotten affair' prisoners released," the analysis found.

Code-named Operation Susannah, the incident led to the dismissal of Binyamin Gibli, the MI chief at the time, and the resignations of then-defense minister Pinhas Lavon and ultimately, the prime minister, David Ben-Gurion. In the years after the incident came to light, public debate centered around the question of who gave the order for the operation to go forward.

The educational presentation, which met with harsh criticism when it was distributed to the MI units in September, states that although at least six external committees investigated the incident, the mistakes had never before been investigated and analyzed within MI, the institution responsible for the operation.

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  • 36. 0 0
    this subversive misdirecting of blame is in the mossad inventory
    • eric
    • 12.11.09
    • 08:38

    of methods. this particular instance of it obviously turned out badly, but none should think for a second that it won't be utilized again...or that it hasn't been already.

  • 35. 0 0
    #27 Makesailor - you're right; Zionist view of world distorted
    • Don Boston
    • 11.11.09
    • 20:28

    How right you are. This is the distorted world of Zionist extremism - I'm not talking about Jews or Israelis, only fanatical Zionists. Its not about race or religion. Its about racial destiny and inequality. To Zionists, terrorism is not attacking innocents, it is attacking Jews, including IDF. To Zionists, the Holocaust was not the nightmarish, systemic execution of millions of innocent people, but the extermination of Jews. Listen. Whenever Jews are attacked, they start saying "never again." They dont have a clue about what the rest of the world is horrified by or what it means by those words. They truly dont understand why the world has a problem with their crimes and cruelty to the Palestinians. They're not Jews, so whats the problem? They dont understand why we would care about mere Pals. We should care only about Jews or our own people.

  • 34. 0 0
    To Gilad
    • fred shapiro
    • 11.11.09
    • 18:51

    Gilad: This will not alter your views-because you are cose minded. But try to follow: The Jews were wandering nomads. They established a state along the Mediterranean-about where Israel is today-in about 1,000 BCE. Since then, the Persians, Macedonians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Arabs and Turks have ruled that area. The only claim the Jews have to that land superior to those of the others is based on the Old Testament-which you have to either be Jewish or Christian to believe. Thus, your argument as to why this is Jewish land requires imposing your religous beliefs on others. No court made up of Hindus would recognize it. Go back to the drawing board with your simplistic notions. thanks Fred

  • 33. 0 0
    #23: time to reconsider the disinformation?
    • duvidl
    • 11.11.09
    • 18:49

    Seidenberg was a convenient scapegoat for the higher ups, and held for years in solitary confinement so as not to contradict the message you parrot.

  • 32. 0 0
    Rich 18. Are you denying it or not?
    • Michael
    • 11.11.09
    • 17:26

    I don't know whether Israel played a big hand in the US invasion of Iraq or not, that's why I'm asking a question, not making a statement. You don't seem to answer that question, so I'm not sure what point you're making, except apparentlty to claim even asking the question is anti-Israel. Why is that? If Israel's morally capable of the Lavon affair, it's morally capable of duping Bush into Iraq. You say there's 'no big conspiracy'. Well there may or may not have been over Iraq, but a big conspiracy is precisley what the Lavon affair is.

  • 31. 0 0
    Congratulations!
    • Mark Lincoln
    • 11.11.09
    • 17:26

    Yes, it was a stupid idea, assigned to amateurs and executed poorly. This it took 55 years to figure out? It seems that the entire world could see that the operation was the masterwork of idiots but too many in Israel couldn't. Operation Susannah was not only a fiasco and scandal, it has continued to damage Israel to this day. It seemed like a good idea at the time. . . provided you didn't think it through, which the clowns responsible didn't.

  • 30. 1 0
    Elmer 22 Where's the proof?
    • Michael
    • 11.11.09
    • 17:22

    I remember reading stories that Israel tried to stop the US invading Iraq but I remember reading them long after the invasion and long after Iraq had turned into a debacle nobody wanted to be responsible for. I don't remember Israel protesting loudly BEFORE the invasion. Do you?

  • 29. 0 0
    To GILAD (and II)
    • Sergio
    • 11.11.09
    • 17:14

    Dear Gilad from Hod Hasharon, For being able to teach ?a history lesson?, 1) you should be aware of ?the whole story? and 2) you should be willing to tell ?the whole story?, if it is known. You said: ?As Jews increased the legal purchase of land the local Arabs did not like what was happening and they began attacking Jews?. There is something missing in this equation: STEP 1: ?Jews increased the legal purchase of land? STEP 3: ?local Arabs did not like what was happening and they began attacking Jews? The key concept here is ?WHAT WAS HAPPENING?. What was happening, Gilad, inmediately after the purchase of the land? Fortunately, pioneer Epstein give us the missing link between the massive purchase of land and the Arab unrest, that is, STEP 2: the eviction of the Arabs from the land. Now that we have the whole story, Gilad, you can start talking more appropiately about the beginnning of terrorism. Just a last question for you, Gilad: What would you do if a group of european foreigners start purchasing the land of Hod Hasharon and forbidding you to work there and forcing your family to emigrate for making a living? Would you call yourself a terrorist?

  • 28. 0 0
    #17 MD
    • Gilad
    • 11.11.09
    • 16:48

    I know that it is difficult for you to understand so I'll write this slowly. The Jews are the natives in this land. Not the Palestinians. I suppose things would be simpler for you to understand if it was the Arabs who destroyed the Jewish Temple in 70AD, but it was the Romans. This was the land of the Jews before this event. The Romans forced the Jews to leave (not all though). We have now returned and this new nation called Palestine, who have never ever ruled in Jerusalem even for one day, needs to reconcile with Jewish history and find a place for both Muslim and Jew.

  • 27. 0 0
    Bombings of theaters...
    • Mikesailor
    • 11.11.09
    • 16:00

    Curious how the truth comes out yet no Zionists condemn the idea of blowing up theaters, libraries etc. Yet, they continually whine about 'terrorism' when similar acts were performed by 'Arabs'. This was ste-sanctioned terrorism yet there is only 'justifications' offered by the Israelis. I have continually wondered about the five Jewish Israelis who videotaped and danced while the towers fell in New York. Was this another Israeil 'false flag' operation?

  • 26. 0 0
    nothing happened
    • Israel Freeman
    • 11.11.09
    • 15:54

    we witness here the start of a new conspiracy theory.

  • 25. 0 0
    Nuri Otman and Seidenberg
    • charles
    • 11.11.09
    • 15:49

    This is the most helpful site I've seen on the affair, http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/lavon.html The account of the spies' prison lives is also intriguing.

  • 24. 0 0
    Israel did not urge the US to attack Iraq
    • Elmer
    • 11.11.09
    • 15:47

    Israel felt that Iran was the bigger danger to both Israel and the USA, and told the US so - that it would be more important to attack Iran. I remember reading the news reports at that time. Israel gave support to the invasion of Iraq but it was its second choice. In hindsight, Israel was right.

  • 23. 0 0
    So much unsaid
    • charles
    • 11.11.09
    • 15:30

    Operation Susannah was a amateurish, disastrous mess, even though the 'bombs' were tiny and hardly likely to cause much other than an alarm. The real question is why did Avraham Seidenberg betray the others, what did he get out of this and what were his connections with Egyptian intelligence?

  • 22. 0 0
    to gilad
    • MD
    • 11.11.09
    • 14:40

    Look first of all I’m not arab to be influenced by an imam or a corrupted leader, you accusing us to read from one source of the history but the reality it’s you who is ignoring the other side faxes and how do you think that the jewish state got all this land by paying the locals, of courses not is by waging a terror war against the natives because they refuse to give up their land.

  • 21. 0 0
    Daniel 16. No. Bush duped Blair into invading Iraq.
    • Michael
    • 11.11.09
    • 14:39

    Blair's addicted to power and wealth. He already had the top job in the UK, but the UK's a small country these days. When he went to the US he was dazzled by the real power and wealth that lies there. He wanted to be best buddies with Bush, because Blair is always interested in being best buddies with the rich and powerful. THAT's why Britain invaded Iraq.

  • 20. 0 0
    Michael in the UK
    • rich
    • 11.11.09
    • 14:39

    the nonsense you write is because you are anti israel....all countries act based on their own interests, shit and dirty dealings happen. you lack an objective rational approach to the issues. usa had its reasons for invading, just as saudi have their reasons for hitting yemeni rebels and iran for warning them off from doing so.... there is no big conspiracy, just interests at play.

  • 19. 0 0
    #11 --- further to your comment
    • Gilad
    • 11.11.09
    • 14:29

    Your definition of terror is wrong. It can be used for many purposes. For example, a bully in a school yard may terrorize others. Or terror can be applied to influence an occupier. The attacks against Jews made ruling the land difficult for the Turks. Arabs urged the Turks not to allow Jews to buy land legally. Arabs forbad the sale of land to Jews, a crime punishable by death. The Turks started applying pressure on the Jews after the local Arabs started their terror campaigns. Yes terror campaigns. Interesting and lost between the lines in your comment is that only after Jews starting buying land in Palestine, did the collective belonging of local Arabs begin, which lead to the Palestinian nation we know today. The truth be told is that the local Arab citizens in the area during the Ottoman period were both few and were loyal to their local strongmen. Many Arabs had drifted to the area from surrounding countries and they did not question the Ottoman rule. Not intifada then.

  • 18. 0 0
    Islamic oppression of Jews, cause of terror
    • eddie
    • 11.11.09
    • 14:09

    Terror, violence, and oppression is somethin that Islam has enforced on minorities for many centuries. Jews and Christians, an zoroastrians lving in Islamic countires are Dhimmis or second clas citizines. they do not have the right to ride a horse, defend themsleves, bear arms etc. Islamic fanatics go on the rampage with pogroms, child killings, rapes, and forced conversion. This happened throughout the history of Islamic Iran, and Yemen for exmaple. In Arabia of Medina jews were expelled or killed off. So Islam has a double standard. Not only can Jews not have human rights, they also do not have a right to their own country. And this is only the start. the next phase is colonisation of the West - europe and America. Soon the democracies will be overturned, by Islamic majorities. So please do not blame terrorism on the Jews.

  • 17. 0 0
    So if terrorism is the MO of Israel?
    • Apa
    • 11.11.09
    • 14:08

    If terrorism is the modus operandi of Israel when they try and defend their state, why is that different from the Palestinians using it to defend their state?

  • 16. 0 0
    Michael of course Israel duped Bush into invading Iraq!
    • Daniel
    • 11.11.09
    • 13:48

    And it did not finish there.Not only the US removed Saddam's threat to Israel,but it is also supplying Iraqui oil to Israel for free. Don't tell me you did not know.

  • 15. 0 0
    #11, #14 ---- what if I am right?
    • Gilad
    • 11.11.09
    • 13:26

    Slowly the truth will get out. You must stop accepting blindly everything your Imam and your corrupt Arab leaders says to you. Start thinking for yourself. The same goes for the history of the Jews in ancient times, a history that started long before Mohammad was born. More than 2,000 years before he was born actually. I am not saying this to deny Islam an honorable place. But the moment you allow your leaders to spew lies to you all the time, that Jews don't have a history in this land, then you lose legitimacy. There is a place for both Jew and Muslim. Jews have realized this. It is your time now to become accepting of others and to learn the truth. Now go and study a little on what happened in Palestine in the 1800, and don't rely on one source, learn both sides.

  • 14. 0 0
    # 10. Your story had no truth in it
    • MD
    • 11.11.09
    • 12:31

    The reality, is the jews who start attacking Arabs to make them live in order to grab their land and as proof 100 years later the new wave of settlers are following the same strategy. Also the day you entered their land your intention were to take everything so the Arabs have to fight back.

  • 13. 0 0
    Ben Gurion was the prime minister
    • Yom Tov
    • 11.11.09
    • 11:07

    so the question of who was responsible is obvious.But who would go against the image of the founding father? .Ben gurion was also responsible for the decision to attack Egypt in agreement with the british and the french to help them get their Suez canal back.How a country that suffered so much under british colonialism,could help them later to continue to dominate economically a 3rd world country like Egypt? .Is it any wonder that Nasser never forgave Israel for that?And what was the end result?UK and France were kicked out of the Meast and Israel fell in the pockets of Uncle Sam,becoming a perpetual colony.

  • 12. 0 0
    Jewish terrorism
    • Mitch Katz
    • 11.11.09
    • 10:59

    Jewish terrorism? I'm shocked...shocked...to learn there is gambling going on in Casablanca.

  • 11. 0 0
    Gilad 10.The Irgun invented ME terrorism
    • Michael
    • 11.11.09
    • 10:46

    Attacking your neighbour isn't nice, even if they are trying to create a new political entity in your backyard that excludes you. However, it's not terrorism either. Modern terrorism is the use of a campaign of organised violence against civilians to achieve a particular political goal. It's really the Irgun who introduced that to the Middle East with their campaign of bombing Arab buses, cafes, cinemas and market places.

  • 10. 0 0
    #8 Hassam ---- A history lesson
    • Gilad
    • 11.11.09
    • 10:17

    Sorry Hassam, terror started long before 1954. Terror started when local Arabs in Palestine did not want Jews to legally purchase more land. In the mid to late 1800's Jews where legally purchasing land in Palestine which was under Ottoman rule. As Jews increased the legal purchase of land the local Arabs did not like what was happening and they began attacking Jews. And here we have the birth of terrorism in the Middle East. There were no settlements when they started their terror attacks on Jews, only legal purchase of land. It was only after a sustained period of terror that Jews were left with no option but to create settlements as purchasing of land became almost impossible. An added sad point about the Lavon affair was that it took way too long for the MI to come to the support of some of the families, especially the family of Max Benneth.

  • 9. 0 0
    Did Israel dupe Bush into invading Iraq?
    • Michael
    • 11.11.09
    • 10:13

    Hmm, attempting to dupe a western country into taking action against a hostile Arab country. Sounds familiar. Saddam Hussein at the time of the invasion was the leader of Arab opposition to Israel and paid the families of Pal suicide bombers, and Israel had, of course, already bombed his reactor. I'd love to know if there was a concerted Israeli plan to use doctored intelligence and the influence of Zionist neo-cons to dupe Bush into invading Iraq for Israel. Seems highly plausible, since it was never entirely clear why Bush was quite so desperate to invade Iraq. Oil sure, but there was more to it than that and any WMD Saddam might have had would have threatened Israel far more than the US.

  • 8. 0 0
    Yet.. Israel calims all the time terrorism started by arabs
    • Hassam
    • 11.11.09
    • 09:49

    If this was not a terror act, then what it was? You wonder who introduced terror into the middle east.

  • 7. 0 0
    #2M DAVE, seriously!
    • VIPER
    • 11.11.09
    • 09:39

    it doesn't matter how many you kill, the end result is still the same, you nutcase.

  • 6. 0 0
    Their release due to Meir Amit
    • Gil
    • 11.11.09
    • 08:23

    "No effort was made to get the prisoners released", due to the squabbling of the leadership over who was responsible. Truth is during most of those years(1955-1968) what leverage did Israel have over Egypt? None in my opinion, EXCEPT in 1956/7 after the Sinai Campaign when we held some 6,000 Egyptian prisoners. Says something about Ben-Gurion and his colleagues. Thank you Meir Amit-only your insistence after the Six Day War got them out.

  • 5. 0 0
  • 4. 0 0
    Ahhhhhhhh told you so
    • Good Guy
    • 11.11.09
    • 07:58

    So, when alot of people blame Israel for certain unxplainable events against Western targets, they might have a reason for that. This can show that it is a possibility that they are capable of doing such acts ?

  • 3. 0 0
    And dont forget the USS LIberty
    • Don Boston
    • 11.11.09
    • 06:46

    Israel has never hesitated to attack the US when it thought it could get away with it. These are "allies?" Pollard's betrayal to the Russians must also be remembered. Though the vast majority of Jews and Israelis are good and decent people, their government is disproportionately influenced by extremists whose sense of religious entitlement has long been the most destabilizing influence in the world. Israel must be dealt with accordingly.

  • 2. 0 0
    a question
    • dave
    • 11.11.09
    • 06:08

    Were these attacks planned for times of day when there would be maximum civilian casualties or minimum? This whole affair is as low as you can get, but if they were planning to kill or maim as many civilians as possible that seems particularly heartless.

  • 1. 0 0
    Terrorism against 3 nations : ok, we want the Moslem Brotherhood
    • Dekel
    • 11.11.09
    • 05:27

    its just the agents weren't well trained. Ben-Gurion wasn't chastized, and its unfortunate the agents had to spend any time in jail. Nasser was fighting Islamic extremists, and wanted a secular Egypt. Those who sow the wind, will reap the whirlwind. Lavon was the only one to emerge from this with his honor intact.