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Disagreements, lack of funds threaten plan to curb pollution
By Zafrir Rinat, Haaretz Correspondent

An interministerial committee on the environment is due to approve a far-reaching plan to reduce automobile pollution next week - but key elements of the plan are threatened by a lack of funding and arguments over jurisdiction.

The plan aims to encourage the use of cars that consume less fuel and emit less pollution by altering the way vehicle taxes and fees are structured in order to make purchasing such vehicles more attractive. Currently, taxes are determined mainly by engine size; under the new plan, a vehicle's fuel consumption and emission levels would also affect the amount of tax.

The committee also plans to ban trucks from using main roads during rush hour.

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As a pilot project, this ban will initially be enforced at the entrance to Jerusalem; if it succeeds, it will be expanded to other areas.

Another key proposal is paying people to junk old cars, which tend to emit much more pollution. On this issue, however, there is still no agreement on where the requisite budget, estimated at NIS 30 million a year, will come from.

The committee also seeks to bar excessively polluting vehicles from entering downtown Tel Aviv. The ban, slated to take effect in January 2008, would apply to any vehicle with a diesel engine that is more than five years old.

Implementation of this proposal, however, may again be delayed  as it has been several times in the past  due to disagreements between the relevant ministries and the Dan bus cooperative, which argues that the ban would force it to transfer all its newest buses to Tel Aviv and thereby harm residents of the rest of the country. In addition, according to Avi Moshel, the Environment Ministry official in charge of fighting vehicle pollution, the Transportation Ministry is not equipped to post signs marking the area off limits to polluting vehicles by January, but it has also refused to authorize the Tel Aviv municipality to define the area and post the signs itself.

The plan also calls for the Finance Ministry to submit proposals within the next few months aimed at encouraging employees to use public transportation rather than private cars to get to work.

Finally, the committee intends to draft more stringent pollution standards that cars will have to meet to pass their annual vehicle inspection. The current standards are 40 years old, and do not include several pollutants, such as hydrocarbons, that have since been determined to be harmful to health.

The new standards are slated to be ready within a year.

Every year, an estimated 600 people die in Israel due to problems caused by polluted air, and cars are currently the leading source of such pollution. In economic terms, the costs of such pollution  hospitalizations, reduced life expectancy, missed work days and damaged agricultural produce  are estimated at anywhere from 4.18 to 9.24 percent of Israel's gross domestic product.
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