Researchers in Israel, the Palestinian Authority and Germany are pursuing a project to transform female freshwater fish into males, a sex change that they hope will put bigger fish on the dinner table.

Male fish are larger, grow faster and weigh about a third more than females, Mutaz Qutob, a Palestinian researcher involved in the experiments, said yesterday.

As part of a project with Hebrew University and Germany's University of Hohenheim, Qutob and his colleagues will inject compounds from plants found in the West Bank, which are often used as seasonings, into food fed to newborn Nile Tilapia fish.

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"This will have an effect on the fish's metabolic [structure] - it may shift from female to male," said Qutob, a chemist at Al-Quds University in East Jerusalem. "This is a very important project. We are introducing a new food source for the Palestinians."

Scientists at Hebrew University had previously used synthetic steroids, which are regarded as less healthy, to create male fish, said Berta Sivan, a researcher at the institution who helped found the project.

Palestinians in the West Bank import most of their fish from Israel and the coastal Gaza Strip. But their consumption of fish, especially those from freshwater sources, has fallen in recent years due to rising costs and tighter Israeli travel and trade restrictions on the Palestinians.

"We wanted to solve a fish-breeding problem in Israel and help bring in and promote fish consumption in the Palestinian Authority," Sivan said.

Cooperation between Israeli and Palestinian academics has been growing over the past few years despite the Palestinian uprising that began in 2000.

"Israelis and Palestinians who cooperate on research tend to try to work harder during politically critical times," said Hassan Dweik, a co-director of the Israeli-Palestinian Science Organization, which helps find funding for such studies. This year, the IPSO received 74 proposals for academic projects to be conducted by Israeli and Palestinian researchers on topics related to agriculture, education, the environment and medicine.

Israelis and Palestinians usually conduct their research separately and discuss it by phone or online due to the Israeli travel restrictions, which also ban most Israelis from entering Palestinian-controlled areas.